Farrell and Shapiro (2008) have proposed a test – called the Upward Pricing Pressure (UPP) test – to evaluate potential unilateral effects of horizontal mergers. This comment shows that the UPP test – suitably reinterpreted and properly implemented – can be applied usefully also in industries where suppliers set prices through bidding competition.
The economics and global implications of the French Google decision in ad tech
In this new episode of Antitrust Code by Concurrences, Mikaël Hervé explains the economics and global implications of the French Google decision in ad...