Farrell and Shapiro (2008) have proposed a test – called the Upward Pricing Pressure (UPP) test – to evaluate potential unilateral effects of horizontal mergers. This comment shows that the UPP test – suitably reinterpreted and properly implemented – can be applied usefully also in industries where suppliers set prices through bidding competition.
Examining physician practice groups’ options to manage rising administrative and operational complexities
Charles River Associates (CRA) was commissioned by McKesson to analyze the economic role of McKesson’s Management Services Organizations (MSOs) within the...