Farrell and Shapiro (2008) have proposed a test – called the Upward Pricing Pressure (UPP) test – to evaluate potential unilateral effects of horizontal mergers. The general conclusion that seems to emerge from this comment is that the UPP test proposed by Farrell and Shapiro (suitably interpreted and properly implemented) could be useful for gauging potential unilateral effects in a variety of industries. In particular, the UPP test – or other “price pressure indices” – could be used, possibly together with other considerations, to establish a “safe harbor” for unilateral effects and/or a presumption of potentially adverse unilateral effects.
CRA expands its Antitrust Practice with addition of M&A specialist and litigation expert
“I am pleased to welcome Hitesh back to CRA,” said Paul Maleh, President and Chief Executive Officer of Charles River Associates. “He specializes in antitrust...